Vol. 6, Issue 1, Part A (2024)

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the common medical diseases with pregnancy. Increasing maternal age, overweight, life style change and family history of diabetes are all risk factor for diabetes mellitus.

Methods: The objectives of this study are to evaluate the foeto-maternal complications during pregnancy & delivery due to DM/GDM. This prospective study was done in gynae and obstetric dept. of RpMCH during the period of July 2012 to June 2014. The study includes both pre-gestational diabetes & newly diagnosed diabetes as GDM cases admitted through the emergency or OPD with or without labour pain.

Results: During the study period total 20302 obstetrics patients were admitted out of them 96(0.47%) were diabetes mellitus with pregnancy. Both age & parity matched study were done between diabetic & control group. Among them 22 (44%) had pre-gestational diabetes mellitus and 28(56%) had gestational diabetes mellitus among the study group 24(48%) were above the age of 30 years, majority were multipara 38(76%) and 24(48%) patients were with the gestational age of 38-40 weeks. Majority patients of diabetic group 28(56%) belongs to average socioeconomic status where as in control group 14(28%) and 20(40%) patients in diabetic group were secondarily educated in comparison to 04(08%) in control group those are statistically highly significant (p=0.000). Regarding BMI 40% were overweight in diabetic group compare to 20% in control group that is statistically significant as a whole (p=0.006). There was no significant difference in the rates of foetal birth asphyxia but macrosomic baby in diabetic group is 16%. Caessarean section were 44(88%) in diabetic group compare to 15 (30%) in control group that is statistically highly significant (p=0.000). Successful vaginal delivery had done in 12% patients in diabetic group under supervision.

Conclusion: Hospital delivery mandatory preferably in tertiary care centre to reduce the foeto-maternal complications.