Vol. 6, Issue 1, Part A (2024)

PCOS is an endocrine-gynecological disorder impacting women of reproductive age. The range and severity of symptoms make it difficult to determine the precise aetiology and pathophysiology of PCOS. It is crucial to find an efficient treatment for this condition because it is frequently aggravated and can result in ovarian cancer and other disorders. Humans and Drosophila have orthologous genes, and one of them is the ecdysone mechanism of the latter, which is analogous to the testosterone function of the former. In Drosophila, the hormone ecdysone is influenced by the amount of insulin, which is influenced by foods high in sugar. The replication of this mechanism can also be visualized in females, in whom eating foods high in sugar causes hyperandrogenism, which in turn causes PCOS. This anomaly in Ecdysone levels due to the influence of insulin occurs via the PI3K pathway, leading to the loss of Ecdysone functionality. Abnormality in Ecdysone affects 20E protein, disrupting follicle development in 3rd larval stage and leading to conditions like PCOS in humans, thus making it a point of examination in PCOS-induced Drosophila. With multiple chemotherapeutics being available for PCOS, and none of them providing a holistic cure for the disease and having side effects, naturally available edible seeds that are assumed to have curative properties against diseases can be exploited to construct a treatment module for the disease.